CCNA – TCP/IP Model & Operation

Here you will find answers to TCP/IP Model & Operation Questions

Question 1

An inbound access list has been configured on a serial interface to deny packet entry for TCP and UDP ports 21, 23 and 25. What types of packets will be permitted by this ACL? (Choose three)

A. FTP
B. Telnet
C. SMTP
D. DNS
E. HTTP
F. POP3

 

Answer: D E F

Explanation

The access list denies packet entry for TCP & UDP -> all the services on ports 21, 23 and 25 are disabled. Services on these ports are FTP (port 21), Telnet (port 23), SMTP (port 25). Other services are allowed so D E F are the correct answers.

Question 2

What are two characteristics of Telnet? (Choose two)

A. It sends data in clear text format.
B. It is no longer supported on Cisco network devices.
C. It is more secure than SSH.
D. It requires an enterprise license in order to be implemented.
E. It requires that the destination device be configured to support Telnet connections.

 

Answer: A E

Explanation

Telnet, part of the TCP/IP protocol suite, is a virtual terminal protocol that allows you to make connections to remote devices, gather information, and run programs. Telnet is considered insecure because it transfers all data in clear text -> A is correct.

The destination device needs to support Telnet connection. For example, if a device doesn’t support TCP/IP protocol suit then maybe we can’t telnet to it.

Question 3

An administrator issues the command ping 127.0.0.1 from the command line prompt on a PC. If a reply is received, what does this confirm?

A. The PC has connectivity with a local host.
B. The PC has connectivity with a Layer 3 device.
C. The PC has a default gateway correctly configured
D. The PC has connectivity up to Layer 5 of the OSI model
E. The PC has the TCP/IP protocol stack correctly installed.

 

Answer: E

Explanation

The address 127.0.0.1 is called loopback address. When we ping 127.0.0.1, in fact we are testing if the TCP/IP protocol suite is installed on our device.

Note: The address 127.0.0.1 does not have anything related with the NIC card. We still ping 127.0.0.1 even if we don’t have the NIC card.

Question 4

Where does routing occur within the DoD TCP/IP reference model?

A. application
B. internet
C. network
D. transport

 

Answer: B

Explanation

The picture below shows the comparison between TCP/IP model & OSI model. Notice that the Internet Layer of TCP/IP is equivalent to the Network Layer which is responsible for routing decision.

Question 5

A host is attempting to send data to another host on a different network. What is the first action that the sending host will take?

A. Drop the data.
B. Send the data frames to the default gateway.
C. Create an ARP request to get a MAC address for the receiving host.
D. Send a TCP SYN and wait for the SYN ACK with the IP address of the receiving host.

 

Answer: B

Explanation

Before sending data, the sending host checks if the destination host is inside or outside the local network. If it is outside the local network, the data will be sent to the default gateway.

Question 6

A TCP/IP Transfer is diagrammed in the exhibit.
A window size of three has been negotiated for this transfer. Which message will be returned from the receiver to the sender as part of this TCP/IP transfer?

A. Send ACK 1-3
B. Send ACK 3
C. Send ACK 4
D. Send ACK 4-6
E. Send ACK 6
F. Send ACK 7

 

Answer: C

Explanation

In response, the receiver replies with an ACK. The acknowledgment number is set to one more than the received sequence number. The ACK means “I have got all messages up to sequence number n-1 so please send me the message for sequence number n”.

Question 7

What is the purpose using the traceroute command?

A. to map all the devices on a network.
B. to display the current TCP/IP configuration values.
C. to see how a device MAC address is mapped to its IP address.
D. to see the path a packet will take when traveling to a specified destination.
E. to display the MTU values for each router in a specified network path from source to a destination.

 

 

Answer: D

Question 8

A network admin wants to know every hop the packets take when he accesses cisco.com. Which command is the most appropriate to use?

A. path cisco.com
B. debugcisco.com
C. trace cisco.com
D. traceroute cisco.com

 

Answer: D

Question 9

Refer to the exhibit. Host A pings Host B. What source MAC address and source IP address are contained in the frame as the frame leaves R2 destined for host B?

A. abcd.abcd.a001
B. abcd.abcd.b002
C. abcd.abcd.c003
D. 10.2.0.15
E. 10.0.64.1
F. 10.0.128.15

 

Answer: B D

Explanation

When packets are sent from Host A to Host B, the source and destination IP addresses are never changed and they are the IP addresses of Host A & Host B. Only the MAC addresses will be changed to reflect the device of the current network. In this case, when the frame leaves R2 destined for host B. It will have:

+ Source IP: IP of Host A – 10.2.0.15 (never changed)
+ Destination IP: IP of Host B – 10.0.128.15 (never changed)
+ Source MAC: MAC of Fa0/0 of R2 – abcd.abcd.b002
+ Destination MAC: MAC of Host B – abcd.abcd.d004

Question 10

Host 1 is trying to communicate with Host 2. The e0 interface on Router C is down. Which of the following are true? (Choose two)

A. Router C will use ICMP to inform Host 1 that Host 2 cannot be reached.
B. Router C will use ICMP to inform Router B that Host 2 cannot be reached.
C. Router C will use ICMP to inform Host 1, Router A, and Router B that Host 2 cannot be reached.
D. Router C will send a Destination Unreachable message type.
E. Router C will send a Router Selection message type.
F. Router C will send a Source Quench message type.

 

Answer: A D

Explanation

The last known good router will try to inform you that the destination cannot be reached (with a Destination Unreachable message type) so from that information you can learn how far your packets can travel to and where the problem is.

Question 11

Refer to the exhibit. The switch in the graphic has a default configuration and the MAC table is fully populated. In addition, this network is operating properly. The graphic represents selected header information in a frame leaving host A. What can be concluded from this information?

A. The MAC address of host A is FFFF.FFFF.FFFF.
B. The router will forward the packet in this frame to the Internet.
C. The switch will only forward this frame to the attached router interface.
D. All devices in this LAN except host A will pass the packet to Layer 3.

 

Answer: D

Explanation

This frame is leaving host A so host A is the source of this frame. In this frame, the MAC destination is FFFF.FFFF.FFFF which is a broadcast address so Sw1 will flood this frame out all its ports except the port it received the frame -> Hosts B, C, D and the interface connected to Sw1 on R1 will receive this frame. When receiving this frame, they will pass the packet to Layer 3 (because they consider broadcast address “everyone, including me”). At Layer 3, the Destination IP will be checked and only the host (or the interface on the router) with correct IP will respond to Host A while others keep silence -> D is correct.

Just for your information, maybe you can ask “this is a broadcast message so why router R1 doesn’t drop it?”. Suppose this is an ARP Request message. In fact, R1 drops that packet but it also learns that it is an ARP Request so R1 looks up its routing table to find a route to that destination. If it can find one, it will send an ARP Reply back for host A”.